Which condition describes a situation where one eye needs a plus lens while the other needs a minus lens?

The condition where one eye requires a plus lens while the other eye needs a minus lens is known as antimetropia. This occurs when one eye is farsighted (hyperopic) and requires a converging lens to focus on near objects, while the other eye is nearsighted (myopic) and requires a diverging lens for proper vision at a distance.

In antimetropia, the differing refractive errors of the two eyes can lead to challenges in achieving binocular vision, as each eye processes visual information differently. Correcting this condition often requires the use of glasses or contact lenses that cater to the specific needs of each eye, allowing for improved visual clarity and comfort.

The other choices relate to different visual or eye alignment issues that do not specifically involve the need for opposing lens power in each eye. Thus, antimetropia is the accurate term for this unique circumstance involving two different lens prescriptions for each eye.