What is the role of the optic nerve?

The optic nerve plays a crucial role in vision by transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. When light enters the eye, it is converted into electrical signals by photoreceptor cells in the retina. These signals are then carried through the optic nerve to the visual cortex of the brain, where they are interpreted as images. This process is essential for recognizing shapes, colors, and motion, allowing us to see the world around us.

In contrast, the other options describe functions that are not associated with the optic nerve. Controlling eye movements involves muscles around the eye, while protection from trauma is primarily the function of the bony structure of the skull and eyelids. Tear production is managed by the lacrimal glands, which are separate from the optic nerve. Understanding the specific function of the optic nerve is key to grasping how vision works.