What is axial ametropia related to?

Axial ametropia is specifically related to the size of the eye. It refers to refractive errors that occur due to an elongation or shortening of the eyeball along the optical axis, which affects how light is focused on the retina. When the eye is too long (as in myopia or nearsightedness), light converges before it reaches the retina. Conversely, if the eye is too short (as in hyperopia or farsightedness), light converges beyond the retina. Thus, axial ametropia is fundamentally connected to the physical dimensions of the eye itself. Other factors, such as the shape of the cornea, the position of the retina, and lens clarity, can influence vision but are not direct causes of axial ametropia specifically.