What condition indicates a tendency of the eye to turn upward?

The condition that indicates a tendency of the eye to turn upward is referred to as hyperphoria. This term specifically denotes a form of strabismus where one eye tends to drift upward relative to the other, leading to misalignment. It is important to note that hyperphoria can occur without a manifest strabismus, meaning the deviation is not always present, but rather a tendency that can be observed during a specific examination or when fatigue is present.

In contrast, tropia generally refers to a constant form of misalignment of the eyes, which can occur in various directions (upward, downward, inward, or outward). Antimetropia describes a condition where the two eyes have different refractive errors, but it does not pertain to the alignment of the eyes. Exophoria refers to a tendency for one eye to drift outward, contrasting with the upward tendency described by hyperphoria. Understanding these distinctions is essential for identifying and addressing eye conditions accurately in an optical training context.